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数学公式 LaTeX

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数学公式 LaTeX

换行使用

行内数学公式：Typora要在偏好设置里开启内联公式（建议同时开启上标、下标、高亮）

基本算式

作用	符号	算式	markdown
分数	\frac	$\frac{7x+5}{1+y^2}$	\frac
下标	_	$z=z_l$	z=z_l
上标、求方	^	$\frac{1}{i^2}$	\frac
开方		$\sqrt{2};\sqrt[n]{3}$	\sqrt{2};\sqrt[n]
e求方	e{}	$\frac{d}{dx}e{ax}=ae{ax}\quad \sum_{i=1}^{n}{(X_i - \overline{X})^2}$	\frac{d}{dx}e{ax}=ae\quad \sum_{i=1}^{n}{(X_i - \overline{X})^2}
顶线	\overline
矢量	\vec{}	$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=0$	\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=0
点乘	\cdot	$\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=0$	\vec{a} \cdot \vec{b}=0
省略号	\cdots	$\cdots$	\cdots
积分	\int	$\int ^2_3 x^2 {\rm d}x$	\int ^2_3 x^2 {\rm d}x
微元符号	{\rm d}	$\int ^2_3 x^2 {\rm d}x$	\int ^2_3 x^2 {\rm d}x
求极限	lim_	$limn→+∞nlimn→+∞n \lim_{n\rightarrow+\infty} n$	limn→+∞nlimn→+∞n \lim_{n\rightarrow+\infty} n
右箭头	\rightarrow
无限	\infty
求和符号	\sum	$\sum \frac{1}{i^2}$	\sum \frac
小于等于	\leq
大于等于	\leqslant

三角函数

算式	markdown
$\sin a$	\sin

对数函数

算式	markdown
$\ln15$	\ln15
$\log_2 10$	\log_2 10
$\lg 7$	\lg7

关系运算符

运算符	markdown
$\pm;\mp$	\pm;\mp
$\times$	\times
$\div$	\div
$\sum$	\sum
$\prod$	\prod
$\neq;\not=$	\neq;\not=
$\leq;\geq$	\leq;\geq
$\bigcap$	\bigcap

希腊字母

大写	markdown	小写	markdown
	A	$alpha$	\alpha
	B	$beta$	\beta
$\Gamma$	\Gamma	$gamma$	\gamma
$\Delta$	\Delta	$delta$	\delta
	E	$epsilon$	\epsilon
		$varepsilon$	\varepsilon
	Z	$zeta$	\zeta
$\Theta$	\Theta	$theta$	\theta
	I	$iota$	\iota
	K	$kappa$	\kappa
$\Lambda$	\Lambda	$lambda$	\lambda
	M	$mu$	\mu
	N	$nu$	\nu
$\Xi$	\Xi	$\xi$	\xi
	O	$\omicron$	\omicron
$\Pi$	\Pi	$\pi$	\pi
	P	$\rho$	\rho
$\Sigma$	\Sigma	$\sigma$	\sigma
	N	$\nu$	\nu
	T	$\tau$	\tau
$\Upsilon$	\Upsilon	$\upsilon$	\upsilon
$\Phi$	\Phi	$\phi$	\phi
		$\varphi$	\varphi
	X	$\chi$	\chi
$\Psi$	\Psi	$\psi$	\psi
$\Omega$	\Omega	$\omega$	\omega

Mermaid

参考：

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/172635547
Mermaid官网：https://mermaid-js.github.io/mermaid/#/

Mermaid[1] 是一种简单的类似 Markdown 的脚本语言，通过 JavaScript 编程语言，将文本转换为图片。因此，真正实现画图功能的并不是 Typora 本身，它只是内置了对 Mermaid 的支持。

打印版本

输入 info 就行（其实Typora里报错会直接显示版本，但在Obsidian不行）

流程图

时序图

状态图

类图

甘特图

饼图

画流程图（旧版，新版见上）

详见Mermaid，不知道是不是更新了，早期好像不能画类图这种，现在很多类型了

流程图 - mermaid

方向

【T：Top，B：Bottom，R：Right，L：Left】
TB 从上到下
BT 从下到上（TD同TB）
LR 从左到右
RL 从右到左

示例

图形

id + [文字描述]矩形
id + (文字描述)圆角矩形
id + >文字描述]不对称的矩形
id + {文字描述}菱形
id + ((文字描述))圆形

效果

连接线与标注

A --> B A带箭头指向B
A --- B A不带箭头指向B
A -.- B A用虚线指向B
A -.-> B A用带箭头的虚线指向B
A ==> B A用加粗的箭头指向B
A -- 描述 --- B A不带箭头指向B并在中间加上文字描述
A -- 描述 --> B A带箭头指向B并在中间加上文字描述
A -. 描述 .-> B A用带箭头的虚线指向B并在中间加上文字描述
A == 描述 ==> B A用加粗的箭头指向B并在中间加上文字描述

效果

子流程图

subgraph title
    graph definition
end

效果

自定义样式

语法：style id 具体样式

效果

标准流程图 - flow

竖向

st=>start: 开始框
op=>operation: 处理框
cond=>condition: 判断框(是或否?)
sub1=>subroutine: 子流程
io=>inputoutput: 输入输出框
e=>end: 结束框

st->op->cond
cond(yes)->io->e
cond(no)->sub1(right)->op

横向

st=>start: 开始框
op=>operation: 处理框
cond=>condition: 判断框(是或否?)
sub1=>subroutine: 子流程
io=>inputoutput: 输入输出框
e=>end: 结束框

st(right)->op(right)->cond
cond(yes)->io(bottom)->e
cond(no)->sub1(right)->op

UML时序图 - sequence

实例（部分）

UML图在线渲染 —— plantUML by Gravize

HTML相关

CVG画函数图像

SVG生成方法

首先用Mathematica/Matlab绘图并导出 SVG

Plot[Sin[x], {x, -4, 4}, PlotPoints -> 2] Export["sin.svg", %]

接下来使用 svgo 做一下压缩：

svgo --pretty sin.svg

得到的代码直接复制进来即可

示例图像

R代码画图（Rmarkdown软件）

可以直接把R代码和执行结果复制进文档里

CSS拓展

自定义CSS样式方法

创建base.user.css

主题文件配置

文件 > 偏好设置 > 打开主题文件夹 > 将CSS文件放到打开的目录中 > 重启Typora

自动编号功能

版本1

/* 正文标题区: #write */
/* [TOC]目录树区: .md-toc-content */
/* 侧边栏的目录大纲区: .sidebar-content */

/** 
 * 说明：
 *     Typora的标题共有6级，从h1到h6。
 *     我个人觉得h1级的标题太大，所以我的标题都是从h2级开始。
 *     个人习惯每篇文章都有一个总标题，有一个目录，所以h2级的标题前两个都不会计数。
 *     一般情况下，我虽然不使用h1级的标题，但是为了以防万一，h1级的标题前两个也都不会计数。
 *     若想启用h1级标题，就取消包含“content: counter(h1) "."”项的注释，然后将包含“content: counter(h2) "."”的项注释掉即可。
 */ 
/** initialize css counter */
#write, .sidebar-content,.md-toc-content{
	/* 设置全局计数器的基准 */
	/* 因为我喜欢从h2级标题用起，所以这里设置为h2 */
    counter-reset: h2
}

#write h1, .outline-h1, .md-toc-item.md-toc-h1 {
    counter-reset: h2
}

#write h2, .outline-h2, .md-toc-item.md-toc-h2 {
    counter-reset: h3
}

#write h3, .outline-h3, .md-toc-item.md-toc-h3 {
    counter-reset: h4
}

#write h4, .outline-h4, .md-toc-item.md-toc-h4 {
    counter-reset: h5
}

#write h5, .outline-h5, .md-toc-item.md-toc-h5 {
    counter-reset: h6
}

/** put counter result into headings */
#write h1:before,
.outline-h1>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h1>.md-toc-inner:before {
    counter-increment: h1;
    content: counter(h1) ". "
}

/* 使用h1标题时，去掉前两个h1标题的序号，包括正文标题、目录树和大纲 */
/* nth-of-type中的数字表示获取第几个h1元素，请根据情况自行修改。 */
#write h1:nth-of-type(1):before,
.outline-h1:nth-of-type(1)>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h1:nth-of-type(1)>.md-toc-inner:before,
#write h1:nth-of-type(2):before,
.outline-h1:nth-of-type(2)>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h1:nth-of-type(2)>.md-toc-inner:before{
	counter-reset: h1;
	content: ""
}

#write h2:before,
.outline-h2>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h2>.md-toc-inner:before {
    counter-increment: h2;
    content: counter(h2) ". "
}

/* 使用h2标题时，去掉前两个h2标题的序号，包括正文标题、目录树和大纲 */
/* nth-of-type中的数字表示获取第几个h2元素，请根据情况自行修改。 */
#write h2:nth-of-type(1):before,
.outline-h2:nth-of-type(1)>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h2:nth-of-type(1)>.md-toc-inner:before,
#write h2:nth-of-type(2):before,
.outline-h2:nth-of-type(2)>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h2:nth-of-type(2)>.md-toc-inner:before{
	counter-reset: h2;
	content: ""
}

#write h3:before,
h3.md-focus.md-heading:before, /** override the default style for focused headings */
.outline-h3>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h3>.md-toc-inner:before {
	text-decoration: none;
    counter-increment: h3;
    /* content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) "." counter(h3) ". " */
    content: counter(h2) "." counter(h3) ". "
}

#write h4:before,
h4.md-focus.md-heading:before,
.outline-h4>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h4>.md-toc-inner:before {
	text-decoration: none;
    counter-increment: h4;
    /* content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) ". " */
    content: counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) ". "
}

#write h5:before,
h5.md-focus.md-heading:before,
.outline-h5>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h5>.md-toc-inner:before {
	text-decoration: none;
    counter-increment: h5;
    /* content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) "." counter(h5) ". " */
    content: counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) "." counter(h5) ". "
}

#write h6:before,
h6.md-focus.md-heading:before,
.outline-h6>.outline-item>.outline-label:before,
.md-toc-item.md-toc-h6>.md-toc-inner:before {
	text-decoration: none;
    counter-increment: h6;
    /* content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) "." counter(h5) "." counter(h6) ". " */
    content: counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) "." counter(h5) "." counter(h6) ". "
}

/** override the default style for focused headings */
#write>h3.md-focus:before,
#write>h4.md-focus:before,
#write>h5.md-focus:before,
#write>h6.md-focus:before,
h3.md-focus:before,
h4.md-focus:before,
h5.md-focus:before,
h6.md-focus:before {
    color: inherit;
    border: inherit;
    border-radius: inherit;
    position: inherit;
    left:initial;
    float: none;
    top:initial;
    font-size: inherit;
    padding-left: inherit;
    padding-right: inherit;
    vertical-align: inherit;
    font-weight: inherit;
    line-height: inherit;
}

版本2

/** initialize css counter */
#write {
counter-reset: h1
}
h1 {
counter-reset: h2
}
h2 {
counter-reset: h3
}
h3 {
counter-reset: h4
}
h4 {
counter-reset: h5
}
h5 {
counter-reset: h6
}
/** put counter result into headings */
#write h1:before {
counter-increment: h1;
content: counter(h1) ". "
}
#write h2:before {
counter-increment: h2;
content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) ". "
}
#write h3:before,
h3.md-focus.md-heading:before /** override the default style for focused headings */ {
counter-increment: h3;
content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) "." counter(h3) ". "
}
#write h4:before,
h4.md-focus.md-heading:before {
counter-increment: h4;
content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) ". "
}
#write h5:before,
h5.md-focus.md-heading:before {
counter-increment: h5;
content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) "." counter(h5) ". "}
#write h6:before,
h6.md-focus.md-heading:before {
counter-increment: h6;
content: counter(h1) "." counter(h2) "." counter(h3) "." counter(h4) "." counter(h5) "." counter(h6) ".
"}
/** override the default style for focused headings */
#write>h3.md-focus:before,
#write>h4.md-focus:before,
#write>h5.md-focus:before,
#write>h6.md-focus:before,
h3.md-focus:before,
h4.md-focus:before,
h5.md-focus:before,
h6.md-focus:before {
color: inherit;
border: inherit;
border-radius: inherit;
position: inherit;
left:initial;
float: none;
top:initial;
font-size: inherit;
padding-left: inherit;
padding-right: inherit;
vertical-align: inherit;
font-weight: inherit;
line-height: inherit;
}

MyDiyCSS

在该.md文件的文件夹下有备份的css文件
在md文件夹下也有

仿mermaid流程图即时解析画UML新方案

比如

graph TB

class Moveable（接口） A
	move()
class Car（类） B
	move()
class Car2（代理类） C
	super.move()
class Car3（代理类） D
	car.move()
	
B t--实现--> A l--实现--> D
B --组合--r> D
C t--继承--r> B

注意：空格是重要关键字

代码块语法高亮原理和自定义风格

CodeMirror

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